Abstract: The ocular surface is exposed to external light for a long time, and various ocular surface light damage diseases are common in the clinic. Short-wave invisible light, mainly ultraviolet rays can cause diseases such as acute photochemical keratitis, pterygium, keratoconus, etc. The most common ocular surface damage caused by visible light represented by blue light is dry eye, which is closely related to the use of electronic lighting and video terminals. Light damage causes ocular edema, angiogenesis, and tissue hyperplasia of the ocular surface. The main mechanisms are related to inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2020, 44：196-201)